Durkheim once suggested that the modern man was under a dangerous situation called "anomy", which means tho old life style as well as the medieval religion has been abolished but no new substitute generated.
Or according to Erich Fromm, modern man has gained the "Freedom from" by going through Industrial Revolution, Enlightenment and Reformation, but still have not found the "Freedom to".
In Jung's term, modern man meet the problem of searching for a soul.
Thanks to Freud, we modern man now understand there is indeed a dark shadow, unconsciousness, inside every being, which is also primitive, destructive, anti-social and incestuous.
As modern man, we believe in science with the basic assumption that everything must have a material basis. The ability to reason is highly praised, even as the vital element in human nature by humanism. Hence, modern man is obliged to bring all thoughts into consciousness. That is how psychanalysis works, by making unconsciousness conscious, as a result, we become the only master of ourselves.
Jung disagreed with Freud in that solution, he told us to respect the unconsciouness and to get clues from unconsciousness to assist the consciousness. The aim of modern man's search of a soul is to regain a equilibrium between the two, or I should say, the principle of Eros and Logos.